Does overhang count as square footage?

In some municipalities, vaulted ceilings will double the square footage of a room. In other places, porches, overhangs and pergola areas will count toward the square footage. In many parts of the country, a full basement does not count toward the total square footage, but in other areas a percentage of it counts.

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Q: I’m buying a house in Pawling, N.Y. The measured indoor space (all rooms, closets, the hallway, the vestibule) equals 1,430 square feet, while the house is listed at 1,680 square feet. My agent told me the square-foot differential exists because I measured the house from the inside while the standard procedure is to measure from the outside. This was news to me. Does the practice of measuring square feet differ in municipalities throughout the nation? Or is it legally established by each municipality? I’d be grateful if you’d fill me in about this. A: Talk about a Pandora’s box. You open up a huge can of worms when you start talking about square feet. Let’s start with the bottom line: There is no uniform method across the country to measure square footage in residential homes. We wish there was one precise method for measuring that was agreed to all over the country, but there isn’t. In commercial office leasing, there are organizations that have set forth standards on how to measure office space, but the residential market does not subscribe to any single standard. And while your agent gave you one interpretation of square footage, the answer to your question about how each municipality measures square feet in residential construction is all over the board. In some municipalities, vaulted ceilings will double the square footage of a room. In other places, porches, overhangs and pergola areas will count toward the square footage. In many parts of the country, a full basement does not count toward the total square footage, but in other areas a percentage of it counts. And in others, space in an attic (whether built out or not) if it is of a certain height, will count toward the square footage of a home. Our basic rule is that you should never buy a home based on what you are told the square footage of a home is or might be. You can measure the rooms in a home and come up with your own measure of the square footage and then compare your measurement of another home. When you have those two measurements, you can sort of determine what size one home is versus another. However, we don’t see too much value to comparing square footages in residential construction. If you’re looking for a three-bedroom home and can compare that home with another three-bedroom home, you can gauge the size of the home and the rooms to determine whether one home has more space than another one for you. Still, you have to consider hallways, closets, pantries and other spaces in the mix. While you may try to compare homes using a price-per-square-foot ratio, it’s just one factor when trying to figure out the true value of property. It doesn’t account for school districts, improvements to the home, the land, the location of the home and many other factors that constitute value. Consider this example: If you’re looking to buy a condominium in a 50-story building and see one unit on the second floor and another on the 50th floor, even if both units are identical in size the price per square foot of the unit on the 50th floor may be substantially higher than the lower-floor unit just because of the views it offers. The same goes for units with other amenities in buildings such as direct access to outdoor spaces, terraces, ski slopes, views of water, a skyline, workout facilities, a club, spa or gym access, golf courses, the ability to have pets of varying size and others.

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In general, when a builder puts up a 3,200-square-foot home, the builder’s cost will be based on the number of square feet in the home when you measure from the outside walls of the home. The builder will still pay to construct the hallways, closets, pantries and other spaces under the roof, so if the home is 40 feet wide by 40 feet deep, not including a garage, the footprint of the home will be 1,600 square feet. And if it’s a two-story home, the home will be 3,200 square feet. In some locations, if the basement is finished, and has a high enough ceiling, they may even advertise the home as a 4,800-square-foot home. If there is an attic that is usable, even if unbuilt, that may be included as well. Given the way the market works, we’d prefer you look at how the space feels to you and whether it suits your needs. Then look at the property’s real estate tax bill, the condition of the home, its amenities, its location, school district and other things that are important to you, rather than focusing on square footage. Ilyce Glink is the creator of an 18-part webinar and e-book series called “The Intentional Investor: How to Be Wildly Successful in Real Estate” as well as the author of many books on real estate. She also hosts the “Real Estate Minute” on her YouTube channel. Samuel J. Tamkin is a Chicago-based real estate attorney. Contact them at ThinkGlink.com.