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Why are crawl spaces not insulated?

Foundation insulation may not be cost effective on a crawl space with twelve to sixteen foot walls or walls that are extremely short and difficult to get to. Also, if the door access is small this can hinder the type of insulation used.

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Crawl Space Insulation is Key to Energy Efficiency

When I meet with clients to discuss working on their crawl space, the question of whether or not to insulate the crawl space is always a topic of discussion. If they have met with other crawl space encapsulation contractors there is normally a look of too much information and even distrust on their faces because they called three different companies and got three different answers about what to do in their crawl space. I can't address all the crawl space confusion in this article but I would like to discuss crawl space insulation and whether you should or shouldn't insulate your crawl space. The short answer is YES you should insulate your crawl space IF you want to make your home MORE energy efficient. So, why do so many homeowners tell me that the last crawl space waterproofing company said they don't need insulation? I think the key to that is the use of the word "need". If you think about it, you don't need attic insulation either. Of course, it is local code that you have it during the building of your home but if you have an older home with inferior insulation to today's standards no one will come and inspect your attic.

The Department of Energy recommends that you have a properly insulated crawl space. So what does that mean?

The way you insulate your crawl space is determined by many factors. If your winters are harsh and there is low humidity where you live the insulation you choose is different versus a very humid climate with milder winters and hotter summers. Since I am located in Tennessee I will be discussing types of insulation and insulation R values for the Southeast.

Types of Crawl Space Insulation

We mainly use three types of insulation when it comes to crawl space insulation in the south.

Fiberglass Insulation Foam Board Insulation Spray Foam Insulation

Please understand there are many types of insulation and even sub types within the types of insulation I listed above. For example, in the fiberglass insulation category there is batt insulation, unfaced insulation, faced insulation, foil faced insulation and even mineral wool insulation which is not fiberglass but is comparable. Most homes in the Southeast especially Tennessee have been built with these types of insulation. Foam board insulation and spray foam insulation are becoming more popular especially with the introduction of crawl space encapsulation. Both types of insulation will work in a crawl space with a vapor barrier as long as certain project and all three types will work with a vented crawl space depending on where the insulation is applied. When deciding whether to insulate or not, here are some factors to consider:

Type of crawl space: vented (open) versus non-vented (closed)

Height of crawl space

Climate

Budget

Access size

Square footage

Time in home

Return on Investment

Comfort

Air Quality

Let's look at crawl space height. If your crawl space is really short or really tall the type of insulation you choose will vary. Foundation insulation may not be cost effective on a crawl space with twelve to sixteen foot walls or walls that are extremely short and difficult to get to. Also, if the door access is small this can hinder the type of insulation used.

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Which side of insulation goes against the floor?

Hi Kim, Regardless of whether fiberglass insulation is installed in a wall, attic, or crawlspace; the paper facing should always face toward the inside of the home. That's because the paper contains a layer of asphalt adhesive which prevents water vapor from passing through it.

On your show you said that when insulating under a floor, the paper facing should face up against the flooring. Why can’t I install it the other way? Does it make that much of a difference? -Kim

Hi Kim,

Regardless of whether fiberglass insulation is installed in a wall, attic, or crawlspace; the paper facing should always face toward the inside of the home. That’s because the paper contains a layer of asphalt adhesive which prevents water vapor from passing through it. If the insulation is installed with the paper vapor barrier facing away from the heated part of the home, moisture from humid inside air can condense and become trapped in the insulation during cold winter months. This can lead to rot and mold. For more about vapor barriers and insulation, check out our articles Vapor Barriers in Your Home and Attic and Basement Frequently Asked Questions.

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